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Systematics of the Madagascar Anelosimus spiders: remarkable local richness and endemism, and dual colonization from the Americas

by: Agnarsson, Ingi; Jencik, Brian B.; Veve, Giselle M.; Hanitriniaina, Sahondra; Agostini, Diego; Goh, Seok Ping; Pruitt, Jonathan; Kuntner, Matjaž

Publication date: 2015-6-22
Usage: Attribution 4.0 International
Topics: Cobweb spiders, subsocial, Theridiidae, biogeography, colonization, radiation, congener coexistance
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Collection: biodiversity
Contributor: Pensoft Publishers
Language: English
Rights: https://biodiversitylibrary.org/permissions
Rights-holder: Copyright held by individual article author(s).
Volume: 509
Item Size: 37.4M

Abstract: Despite the alarming rates of deforestation and forest fragmentation, Madagascar still harbors extraordinary biodiversity. However, in many arthropod groups, such as spiders, this biodiversity remains mostly unexplored and undescribed. The first subsocial Madagascan species of the theridiid spider genus Anelosimus were described in 2005 when six new species were found to coexist in the Périnet forest fragment within Andasibe-Mantadia NP. However, this discovery was based only on a few specimens and the extent of this Madagascan radiation has remained unknown. We here report on a thorough survey of >350 colonies from Périnet, and three pilot surveys into additional Madagascar forests (Ambohitantely, Ranamofana, and Montagne d’Ambre). The morphological, molecular and natural history data from these surveys facilitated a revised taxonomy and phylogenetic hypothesis of Madagascan Anelosimus. This subsocial clade currently comprises six previously known (A. andasibe Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005, A. may Agnarsson, 2005, A. nazariani Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005, A. sallee Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005, A. salut Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005, A. vondrona Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005) and 10 new species: A. ata sp. n., A. buffoni sp. n., A. darwini sp. n., A. hookeri sp. n., A. huxleyi sp. n., A. lamarcki sp. n., A. moramora sp. n., A. tita sp. n., A. torfi sp. n., A. wallacei sp. n.. With the exception of A. may and A. vondrona, all other species appear to be single forest endemics. While additional sampling is necessary, these data imply a much higher local richness and endemism in Madagascan forests than in any other comparable area globally. The phylogenetic results establish a sister clade relationship between the subsocial Anelosimus in Madagascar and the American ‘eximius group’, and between the solitary A. decaryi on Madagascar and a solitary American clade. These findings imply duplicate colonizations from America, an otherwise rare biogeographical pattern, calling for more detailed investigation of Anelosimus biogeography.
Addeddate: 2025-03-16 03:15:19
Bhl_virtual_titleid: 210914
Bhl_virtual_volume: v.509 (2015)
Call number: 10_3897_zookeys_509_8897
Call-number: 10_3897_zookeys_509_8897
Foldoutcount: 0
Genre: article
Identifier: systematicsmada509agna
Identifier-ark: ark:/13960/s2twq9gw32p
Identifier-bib: 10_3897_zookeys_509_8897
Identifier-doi: 10.3897/zookeys.509.8897
Ocr: tesseract 5.3.0-6-g76ae
Ocr_detected_lang: en
Ocr_detected_lang_conf: 1.0000
Ocr_detected_script: Latin
Ocr_detected_script_conf: 1.0000
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Ocr_parameters: -l eng
Page_number_confidence: 90
Page_number_module_version: 1.0.5
Page_range: 13-52
Pages: 40
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Possible copyright status: In copyright. Digitized with the permission of the rights holder.
Ppi: 300
Source: ZooKeys 509
Year: 2015